What does the term "decompression sickness" refer to?

The term "decompression sickness" specifically refers to a condition that arises when a diver ascends too rapidly from deeper water while breathing compressed air or mixed gas. As pressure decreases during ascent, dissolved gases, primarily nitrogen, come out of solution and form bubbles in the bloodstream and tissues, leading to various symptoms. This can range from joint pain and rashes to severe neurological issues, depending on the severity of bubble formation and where they occur in the body.

Understanding the implications of rapid ascent is fundamental for divers as it informs safe practices around ascent rates and the need for safety stops to allow the body to eliminate excess nitrogen. This highlights the importance of proper dive planning and adherence to ascent protocols to prevent decompression sickness.